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Text features in Spark: Tokenizer, HashingTF, IDF, and Word2Vec on large corpora
Modern machine learning systems often start with a simple challenge: computers do not understand raw text. A support ticket, email, product review, or application log entry is just a sequence of chara
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Spark ML feature pipelines: VectorAssembler, StringIndexer, OneHotEncoder, and the Pipeline API
Machine learning models rarely consume raw tables directly. Before training, data usually needs cleaning, categorical encoding, feature assembly, and a consistent transformation path for future predic